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Calories to Joules Conversion Chart

Quick-reference chart converting calories (cal) and kilocalories (kcal) to joules (J). Covers 1 cal to 5,000 kcal — for nutrition, chemistry, and physics applications.

For a custom value not in this chart, use the Energy converter.

Calorie (cal)Joule (J)
1 cal4.184 J
5 cal20.92 J
10 cal41.84 J
25 cal104.6 J
50 cal209.2 J
100 cal418.4 J
200 cal836.8 J
250 cal1046 J
500 cal2092 J
1000 cal4184 J
2000 cal8368 J
5000 cal20920 J
10000 cal41840 J
25000 cal104600 J
50000 cal209200 J
100000 cal418400 J
250000 cal1046000 J
500000 cal2092000 J
1000000 cal4184000 J
2000000 cal8368000 J
5000000 cal20920000 J

Conversion Formula

J   = cal × 4.184
cal = J   ÷ 4.184

1 cal = 4.184 J  (thermochemical calorie, exact)

Nutrition context:
  1 kcal (food Calorie) = 1,000 cal = 4,184 J
  100 kcal = 418,400 J = 418.4 kJ
  2,000 kcal/day (average diet) = 8,368,000 J = 8.368 MJ
  2,500 kcal/day = 10,460,000 J = 10.46 MJ

Exercise energy burn (approximate):
  Walking 1 hr (~4 km): 200–300 kcal = 837–1,255 kJ
  Running 1 hr (~10 km): 500–700 kcal = 2,092–2,929 kJ
  Cycling 1 hr (~25 km): 400–600 kcal = 1,674–2,510 kJ

Frequently Asked Questions

How many joules is 100 calories?

100 cal × 4.184 = 418.4 J. Note: this is 100 small calories. 100 food Calories (kcal) = 100,000 cal = 418,400 J. Always confirm whether a value uses small calories or kilocalories (food Calories).

How many joules is 2,000 food Calories (kcal)?

2,000 kcal × 4,184 J/kcal = 8,368,000 J = 8.368 MJ. A 2,000 kcal daily diet is equivalent to about 8.4 megajoules of stored chemical energy in food. For perspective, 1 kWh = 3.6 MJ, so a day's food represents about 2.3 kWh of chemical energy.

What is the joule equivalent of burning 1 pound of fat?

One pound of body fat stores approximately 3,500 kcal = 3,500 × 4,184 = 14,644,000 J ≈ 14.6 MJ. This is the well-known '3,500 calories per pound' figure used in weight management. Achieving a 500 kcal/day deficit (2,092 kJ) creates a pound of fat loss per week.

How are nutrition labels reported in the EU vs. US?

The EU requires food energy to be reported in both kJ and kcal per 100 g (and per portion). The US uses only kcal (called 'Calories' on labels). A US label showing 250 Calories per serving = 250 kcal = 1,046 kJ. The kJ value is about 4.18× the kcal value.

What is the specific heat capacity of water in joules?

The specific heat capacity of liquid water is 4.184 J/g·°C — equivalently, 4,184 J/kg·°C or 4.184 kJ/kg·K. This is why the calorie was defined in terms of water: 1 calorie heats 1 gram of water by exactly 1°C. Water's high specific heat makes it an excellent coolant and climate moderator.

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All conversion values are calculated using internationally recognized conversion factors. Results are provided for general informational purposes — verify critical values independently. Read our full disclaimer.